Chart # 1

In my chart I decided to work with the following artists from their respective movements:

- William Morris - Arts and Crafts

- Charles Rennie Mackintosh - Art Nouveau

- Peter Behrens - Deutscher Werkbund

- Walter Gropius - Bauhaus

- Le Corbusier - International Style

When talking about William Morris he mostly worked in the Arts and Crafts movement. This movement was dominated by the Victorian era  and handcrafted goods were made by craftsmen. Morris designed a number of wallpapers in which he was very organic and included nature by adding leafs, birds and flowers. Hand made products were very popular in this time and this led to the Weiner Werkstatte where workshops were created for more manufacturing.

William Morris wallpaper                                                                                        Handmade goods

During this period there was also a rise in the middle class that effected the design industry. This is because things were becoming produced better everyday. By having new inventions in agriculture, it made it possible for fewer people to produce crops and also resulting of having the cities to grow larger.

William Morris was influenced from the romantic escapism of the Pre-Raphaelite and the Medieval Art. With the collaboration of his friends in the Pre-Raphaelite, Morris had formed the 'Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co.' in 1861 and he had put theory into practice.

Lady Godiva, Pre-Raphaelite

                                                                                                                                          Medieval art

William Morris also worked closely with Peter Behrens from Deutscher Werkbund on a number of projects so I linked them together to show this.

From Art Nouveau I had chosen Charles Rennie Mackintosh where he was famous for his elliptical forms and high backed chairs. 

Mackintosh used mostly geometric forms in his works and these had inspired other movements like De Stijl, Futurism, Constructivism and Cubism. All of these styles included geometric forms that were influenced from Mackintosh's works.

Mackintosh was also inspired from Japanese Art and insects and nature that relates to Art Nouveau. These elements were linked to the previous William Morris' Acanthus leaf where he used it a lot in his wallpaper designs.

During this period there were the invention of the first automobile and the light bulb. The first automobile was the Ford Model T which was invented by Henry Ford in 1908 and was a huge success of transportation. The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison in 1879 and later this helped to form the company known as DEG (Deutsche Edison Gesellschaft) which was later renamed to AEG (Allegemeine Elektrizitats Gesellschaft) related to the Deutscher Werkbund and Peter Behrens.

Ford Model T

                                                                                                                        Thomas Edison Light Bulb

References:
John Lewis, 2012. William Morris Wallpaper. [image online] Available at: http://daviddangerous.blogspot.com/2012/06/william-morris-wallpaper.html [Accessed 20th January 2014]

Sam S. Rainer, 2009. Worldwide Middle Class Boom. [image online] Available at: http://samrainer.com/2009/02/worldwide-middle-class-boom/ [Accessed 20th January 2014]

Anon. 2013. The teaching of history. [image online] Available at: http://3diassociates.wordpress.com/2013/12/30/the-teaching-of-history-the-debate-continues/ [Accessed 20th January 2014]

Anon., n.d. The Devil and Demons in Medieval Art. [image online] Available at: http://temperaworkshop.com/history/demons.htm [Accessed 20th January 2014]

Michael Delahunt, 2010. DeStijl. [image online] Available at: http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/d/destijl.html [Accessed 20th January 2014]

steampunkopera, n.d. Russian Furturism. [image online] Available at: http://steampunkopera.wordpress.com/2012/08/20/russian-futurism/ [Accessed 20th January 2014]

Andreas, n.d. Hokusai. [image online] Available at: http://andreas.com/hokusai.html [Accessed 20th January 2014]

findingDulcinea Staff, 2011. On This Day. [image online] Available at: http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/September-October-08/On-this-Day--The-First-Model-T-Ford-Is-Produced.html [Accessed 20th January 2014]